processing

**Processing Devices ** A computer is termed as data processing machine which accepts data and then stores nor process data immediately and display the output for users. The main circuit board of a computer is called the motherboard. The main chip in the computer is the central processing unit CPU. It is called the CPU because its main function is to process instructions, manage the flow of information through the computer system, and perform calculations. It is the heart of the computer and communicates with the output, input and storage devices to perform tasks that are important to the functioning of the computer. As much as three types of memory are located on the motherboard. Memory cache helps the main memory get information faster to the CPU. The power supply brings electricity from an outside current and transforms it into electricity that the computer can use. The bus is the electronic path that carries information to devices. The ports connect devices to the computer.
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 A motherboard A microprocessor **A definition of CPU ** CPU (Central Processing Unit) - otherwise known as a processor - is an electronic circuit that can execute computer programs. Both the miniaturization and standardization of CPUs have increased their presence far beyond the limited application of dedicated computing machines. Modern microprocessors appear in everything from automobiles to mobile phones. **Extra and Interesting Information ** The clock rate is one of the main characteristics of the CPU when performance is concerned. Clock rate is the fundamental rate in cycles per second (measured in hertz, kilohertz, megahertz or gigahertz) for the frequency of the clock in any synchronous circuit. A single clock cycle (typically shorter than a nanosecond in modern non-embedded microprocessors) toggles between a logical zero and a logical one state. With any particular CPU, replacing the crystal with another crystal that oscillates with twice the frequency will generally make the CPU run with twice the performance. It will also make the CPU produce roughly twice the amount of waste heat. Engineers are working hard to push the boundaries of the current architectures and are constantly searching for new ways to design CPUs that tick a little quicker or use slightly less energy per clock. This produces new cooler CPUs that can run at higher clock rates. Scientists also continue to search for new designs that allow CPUs to run at the same or at a lower clock rate as older CPUs, but which get more instructions completed per clock cycle. The clock rate of a processor is only useful for providing comparisons between computer chips in the same processor family and generation. Clock rates can be very misleading since the amount of work different computer chips can do in one cycle varies. Clock rates should not be used when comparing different computers or different processor families. Rather, some kind of software benchmarks should be used. <span style="font-family: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Smartphones are equipped with more advanced embedded chipsets that can do many different tasks depending on their programming. <span style="font-family: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; font-size: 16px;">The performance of the CPU that's at the core of the chipset is vital for the daily user experience and the general computing performance of the smartphone. People tend to use the clock rate of the main CPU to compare the performance of competing end products. But as we already pointed out, the clock rate of a processor is only useful for providing performance comparisons between computer chips in the same processor family and generation. For all other purposes, it's best to use software benchmarks for determining comparative performance. [|**http://www.slideshare.net/itsvineeth209/processing-devices**] [|**http://library.thinkquest.org/11309/data/hardware.htm**] [|**http://www.gsmarena.com/glossary.php3?term=cpu**]
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